This is the first in a series of entries examining nitrosamines in a range of products. Nitrosamines are organic compounds found in the human diet and other environmental outlets. Being potent carcinogens that can cause tumors in nearly all organs, they have been classified as genotoxic impurities (GTIs). There are guidelines and rulings by various regulatory organizations, including […]
Nitrosamines: An Overview Read More »
A special thanks to Matt Webberley, Associate Director Analytical Research and Development at our Ireland site of SK pharmteco Analytical Services, for his assistance with the profiles of AAS, ICP-OES, ICP-MS, and XRD. A Definition of These Newsmakers Elemental impurities in food have been in the news recently, with reports of everything from lead being
Elemental Impurities Read More »
Extractables and Leachables (E&L) are essential areas of concern for the pharmaceutical and food industries, specifically regarding their packaging, usage components (e.g., medical devices or syringes), and the manufacturing chain. We will examine testing of analysis of them within pharmaceutical applications. The two terms are related but distinct, each with its own analytical requirements. Definitions of
Extractables and Leachables Read More »
The Background And Concerns Of PFAS (Per- and) PolyFluoroAlkyl Substances (PFAS) are a class of ubiquitous chemicals that have been found in water, air, fish, and soil across the nation and worldwide. Known as “Forever Chemicals,” there are thousands of different PFAS, and they are present in consumer, commercial, and industrial products.1 Having one of the strongest bonds
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The linkage between nitrosamines and cancer was first postulated by William Lijinsky in 1970. Then, in 2018, N-nitroso-dimethylamine (NDMA)) was detected in an active pharmaceutical ingredient, Valsartan (an Angiotensin-II-receptor antagonist). Finally, the FDA issued a guidance for the industry, “Control of Nitrosamine Impurities in Human Drugs”, in the fall of 2020. However, the guidelines continue to
Nitrosamines: An Update Read More »
This is the third in a series of entries examining nitrosamines in a range of products. Our first of two previous articles presented an overview of nitrosamines, including a historical look at their implication as a probable carcinogen. In the second entry, we reviewed their presence in active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and how to remove them. Nitrosamines are organic compounds
Nitrosamines in Food and Beverages Read More »
This is the second in a series of entries examining nitrosamines in a range of products. Our first article presented an overview of nitrosamines, including a historical look at their implication as probable carcinogens. This entry will review their presence in active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and process mitigation strategies. Nitrosamines are organic compounds found in medications, the human
Nitrosamines in Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Read More »
Forced Degradation is the testing of a drug product or drug substance using situations more taxing than those if conditions were simply accelerated. This type of stability testing is designed to demonstrate various degradation pathways within the product or substance and assists with developing the product itself and its packaging. Within forced degradation testing, a
Shedding Light on Photo-Stability Forced Degradation Read More »
Extractables and Leachables (E&L) are essential areas of concern for the pharmaceutical and food industries, specifically regarding their packaging, usage components (e.g., medical devices or syringes), and the manufacturing chain. We will examine testing of analysis of them within pharmaceutical applications. The two terms are related but distinct, each with its own analytical requirements. Definitions of
Extractables and Leachables Read More »
Nitrosamines are organic compounds found in the human diet and other environmental outlets. Being potent carcinogens that can cause tumors in nearly all organs, they have been classified as genotoxic impurities (GTIs). There are guidelines and rulings by various regulatory organizations, including the FDA, EPA, EMA, and the IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer).
Nitrosamines: An Overview Read More »
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